LO-1 The Rise of Rome 800-30 B.C

Key Terms:

• Patricians: upper-class citizens who belonged to the oldest and noblest Roman families
• Republic: In reference to ancient Rome, the system of city-state government in which decision making power was sheared between the Senate and assemblies of male citizens 
• Plebeians: the roman common people, including workers, small farmers, and wealthy people who were not patricians
• Senate: in ancient Rome, a government assembly appointed by the Kind, and under the Republic by the consuls; originally all members were patricians, but in time wealthy plebeians were appointed as well 
• Consuls: In the Roman Republic, two senators who led the government and military for one-year terms and appointed their own successors 
• Dictator: In the Roman Republic, a single leader with full decision making powers, appointed for a maximum of six-month term during time of emergency 
• Tribunes: magistrates elected by the plebeians, who eventually gained power to initiate and veto laws 
• Client: a person who provides personal services in return for money and protection from a patron 
• Patron: a wealthy person who supports others with money and protection in exchange for personal services
• Pontiff: In ancient Rome, one of the Republic's leading priests
• Paterfamilias: The "family father" in ancient Rome, who had unlimited power over his household 
• Matron: title of honor given to a married women in ancient Rome 

Summary of Rome
Two groups of people that lived in Italy that influenced the growth of Roman civilization were the Etruscan and the Greeks. The Latins also lived in Italy but didn't have the same effect as the two others did on the Roman civilization. Greek city-states begun to plant colones in southern Italy; it was from these neighbors that the Latins first learned the alphabet and gained knowledge of the life  of Greek city-states. The Roman city-states changed it's form of government to mix democracy and oligarchy to create a republic. The government was almost a way of life and created values and morals citizens lived by. Although government and participation in the army was important, family was the most important in Roman life. In all clans and families there was a "family father" who held unlimited power, even the life of someone in the household.